International commercial arbitration. The mexican case

Resumen

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México, Canadá y los Estados Unidos han conformado una zona económica de libre comercio (TLC) en la que se busca conformar una uniformidad legal entre estos tres sistemas legales. Sin embargo, esta “ tan deseada” uniformidad legal está muy lejos de satisfacer las necesidades de los tres países. El presente ensayo analiza esta falta de uniformidad legal entre los 3 países miembros del TLC, explicando la problemática que se enfrenta en el proceso de ejecución de sentencias dictadas en el extranjero, y que deben de ser ejecutadas en nuestro país.

Palabras clavesInternational Procedual Law, International Procedual Cooperation, Federal Code of Civil Procedure, Foreign Judgment, “Amparo“, Mexican Judge, Sentence

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Extracto

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International commercial arbitration. The mexican case

Jus respicit aequitatem1

1. Introduction

International Commercial Arbitration* is a highly advisable way of resolving disputes. Nevertheless, it has been used less often than litigation, since lawyers from certain countries do not have sufficient knowledge about this topic. Particularly, Mexico has this transcendental problem, which has to be taken into account to have good results in the world-wide commercial opening. The aforementioned knowledge must be considered from a legislative point to a practical one.

The legislative point includes mainly two parts: (i) a modern arbitral legislation, as is the case where the Model Law drafted by the UNCITRAL has been adopted, and; (ii) those international agreements that are essential for this topic.

On the other hand, the practical point is the decision about where and how arbitrations must be held, always depending on the circumstances of the particular case.

This article tries to analyse the pertinent Mexican legislation in order to function as a guide for a Mexican Lawyer who is not used to international arbitrations and wants to be competitive in respect of other lawyers around the world.

2.1. Why to use arbitration in international commercial disputes

Compromissarii sunt judices 2

Where a commercial dispute arises between two international dealers, we have different ways of achieving a settlement of that international dispute.

Amongst them, we firstly find negotiation, which is the simplest and usually the quickest form and the most advisable from our point of view. Nevertheless, the limitation in negotiating is that the parties should be in the best position to know the strengths and weaknesses of their respective cases, and we have to realise that this is occasionally impossible. Although negotiation is mainly a way of settling disputes where the parties have direct intervention, they must be advised in some points of difficulty or controversy by lawyers, accountants, engineers or other experts, as required. Unfort...

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